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1.
《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2023,71(5):2332-2347
In this study we present an analytical formulation of synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) altimetry signals including narrow banded nonlinear wave fields and conditional statistics between wave elevation displacements, horizontal wave slopes and vertical wave particle velocities. Considering the wave elevation displacements coskewness with respect to horizontal slopes leads to an analytical formulation of the electromagnetic bias within a SAR-mode altimeter stack. This formulation can be either parametrized by the significant wave height (SWH) and mean wave steepness, or in terms of the variance of vertical wave velocities. The effect of conditional vertical wave particle velocity variances with respect to the observed horizontal wave slopes close to nadir incidence angles leads to an effective reduction of the azimuth blurring of SAR-mode stacks. We present here a formulation of this effect by examining JONSWAP ocean wave spectra. In most cases this effect reduces the azimuth blurring by 10% to 30%. Additionally we investigate the effect of a nonlinear wave elevation displacement probability density function (PDF) on estimated geophysical parameters. We were able to show that including an elevation displacement skewness of 0.13 improves significantly the SWH consistency between altimetry and ECMWF Reanalysis v5 ERA5 results.All of these effects are validated with respect to ERA5 model data in the North East Atlantic region and in situ data located in the German Bight and Baltic Sea.The developed model can be used in both SAR and conventional altimetry retrackers. 相似文献
2.
X.B. Zhao W.Z. Shao L.B. Zhao Y. Gao Y.Y. Hu X.Z. Yuan 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2021,67(10):3072-3086
The main objective of our work was to investigate the impact of rain on wave observations from C-band (~5.3 GHz) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) in tropical cyclones. In this study, 10 Sentinel-1 SAR images were available from the Satellite Hurricane Observation Campaign, which were taken under cyclonic conditions during the 2016 hurricane season. The third-generation wave model, known as Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN) (version 41.31), was used to simulate the wave fields corresponding to these Sentinel-1 SAR images. In addition, rainfall data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission satellite passing over the spatial coverage of the Sentinel-1 SAR images were collected. The simulated results were validated against significant wave heights (SWHs) from the Jason-2 altimeter and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts data, revealing a root mean square error (RMSE) of ~0.5 m with a 0.25 scatter index. Winds retrieved from the VH-polarized Sentinel-1 SAR images using the Sentinel-1 Extra Wide-swath Mode Wind Speed Retrieval Model after Noise Removal were taken as prior information for wave retrieval. It was discovered that rain did indeed affect the SAR wave retrieval, as evidenced by the 3.21-m RMSE of SWHs between the SAR images and the SWAN model, which was obtained for the ~1000 match-ups with raindrops. The raindrops dampened the wave retrieval when the rain rate was < ~5 mm/hr; however, they enhanced wave retrieval for higher rain rates. It was also found that the portion of the rain-induced ring wave with a wave number > 0.05 rad/m (~125 m wavelength) was clearly observed in the SAR-derived wave spectra. 相似文献
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本文通过引入工程设计中的优化方法,分别对室内空气环境下铝合金(LY12-CZ)材料疲劳裂纹扩展的数学模型,以及环境条件下(3.5%NaCl水溶液浸泡)该材料腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展的数学模型进行了探讨。在已知标准试样在不同的环境下疲劳裂纹扩展实验dadNi,ΔKi的条件下,采用优化方法进行参数寻优,可方便地得到与其对应的疲劳裂纹扩展的dadN~ΔK最优数学模型 相似文献
6.
Luo Xucheng 《宇航学报》1990,(3)
本文研究了入射波电场为任意线极化时,平直地面反射波中左旋圆极化分量和右旋圆极化分量的数学描述,引入了地面对这类波的等效反射系数的概念,并给予了物理解释,讨论了应用的有关问题。 相似文献
7.
H. J. Völk 《Space Science Reviews》2007,130(1-4):431-438
The dynamical and chemical effects of the Galactic Wind are discussed. This wind is primarily driven by the pressure gradient
of the Cosmic Rays. Assuming the latter to be accelerated in the Supernova Remnants of the disk which at the same time produce
the Hot Interstellar Medium, it is argued that the gas removed by the wind is enriched in the nucleosynthesis products of
Supernova explosions. Therefore the moderate mass loss through this wind should still be able to remove a substantial amount
of metals, opening the way for stars to produce more metals than observed in the disk, by e.g. assuming a Salpeter-type stellar
initial mass function beyond a few Solar masses. The wind also allows a global, physically appealing interpretation of Cosmic
Ray propagation and escape from the Galaxy. In addition the spiral structure of the disk induces periodic pressure waves in
the expanding wind that become a sawtooth shock wave train at large distances which can re-accelerate “knee” particles coming
from the disk sources. This new Galactic Cosmic Ray component can reach energies of a few×1018 eV and may contribute to the juncture between the particles of Galactic and extragalactic origin in the observed overall
Cosmic Ray spectrum. 相似文献
8.
疲劳裂纹扩展速率试验数据的可靠性分析模型 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以指定ΔK下的da/dN服从对数正态分布为基础,提出3种da/dN试验数据统计处理方法;依据一组40CrNiMo材料的CT试样的试验数据处理结果,对3方法进行了分析对比。 相似文献
9.
疲劳裂纹扩展速率da/dN的蒙特卡罗模拟 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用蒙特卡罗法模拟分析疲劳裂纹扩展速率,确定了算式中的参数分布规律及相关性。通过计算数据与试验数据的对比分析,证明蒙特卡罗法模拟结果合理、可靠。 相似文献
10.
本文对含中心穿透裂纹的碳/环复合材料层压板在剪切载荷作用下的损伤扩展规律进行了研究。通过对以[±45/O_6]_s、[(±45)_3/O_2]_s、[O/±45/O]_s和[90/±45/90]_s四种层压板为主的多种层压板进行试验研究和理论计算,对工程上常用的以O°、±45°、90°三种铺层构成的各种π/4层压板在含裂纹时的板内应力分布、裂纹扩展方向、断裂机理和含裂纹时的极限强度(剩余强度)进行了分析。试件由T300/648E制成。研究表明,铺层组分比例的不同对裂纹的扩展方向和含裂纹层压板的极限强度有较大的影响。本文在探讨损伤扩展规律的基础上,也为工程应用提供了有意义的结果。 相似文献